Editing Chapter 6: Edge Security and Privacy (section)

==='''Scalability and Heterogeneity of Edge Devices'''===

Edge ecosystems encompass a broad spectrum of devices—from powerful gateways to ultra-low-power sensors—resulting in inconsistent security postures.

'''Security Gap''': The absence of unified standards for device identity, firmware updates, and runtime protection leads to fragmented security implementations. Some devices lack even basic encryption capabilities due to power or size constraints.

'''Research Insight''': A 2021 IEEE survey highlighted that over 60% of IoT vendors lacked lifecycle security support for their devices, increasing the attack surface in large-scale deployments.

'''Real-World Case''': The Barcelona Smart City project revealed multiple attack vectors in public infrastructure (e.g., street lighting and traffic signals) due to inconsistent device management and outdated firmware.