Editing Emerging Research Directions (section)

===2. The Need for Edge in Vehicles===

'''2.1. Data Explosion in Connected Vehicles'''
Modern vehicles are equipped with over 300 sensors and generate terabytes of data daily. As noted by Shi et al. [5], a connected vehicle can produce up to 35 TB of data per day. Centralized cloud architectures are insufficient to handle such high-throughput data streams efficiently.

[[File:computer_on_wheels.jpg|600px|thumb|center| ''Figure 2: [Computer on Wheels or Moving Data Center. Source: Seminar Presentation.]'']]


'''2.2. Latency and Safety'''
Latency is critical in autonomous systems. In traditional architectures, a vehicle may need to send sensor data to the cloud, await processing, and receive instructions—a delay that could be fatal in scenarios like pedestrian detection.
"By the time the information has traveled to and from the server, the accident has already occurred."
Edge computing enables immediate action, reducing the delay to milliseconds.

'''2.3. Software-Defined Vehicles'''
The vehicle industry is moving towards software-defined vehicles (SDVs), which require OTA (Over-The-Air) updates, real-time diagnostics, and modular software services. Edge computing facilitates dynamic service delivery, AI inference, and adaptive updates without overwhelming the cloud infrastructure.

[[File:Disruptive transformation of automotive mobility.jpg|600px|thumb|center| ''Figure 3: [Disruptive transformation of automotive mobility[5].]'']]